Quarks

 

Name

Symbol

Mass

Lifetime

Charge

Spin

Date

Source

Note

Family 1

UP

u

~5 Mev

Stable

+ 2

3

1

2

1964

Electron scattering &

Neutrino scattering

Common matter,

Discovered by Murray Gell-Man

ANTI-UP

_

u

~5 Mev

Stable

_ 2

3

1

2

1964

Electron scattering &

Neutrino scattering

Common antimatter,

Discovered by Murray Gell-Man

DOWN

d

~10 Mev

Variable*

_ 1

3

1

2

1964

Electron scattering &

Neutrino scattering

Common matter,

Discovered by Murray Gell-Man

ANTI-DOWN

_

d

~10 Mev

Variable*

+ 1

3

1

2

1964

Electron scattering &

Neutrino scattering

Common antimatter,

Discovered by Murray Gell-Man

Family 2

STRANGE

s

~100 Mev

Variable*

_ 1

3

1

2

1964

Electron scattering &

Neutrino scattering

Uncommon matter,

Discovered by Murray Gell-Man

ANTI-STRANGE

_

s

~100 Mev

Variable*

+ 1

3

1

2

1964

Electron scattering &

Neutrino scattering

Uncommon antimatter,

Discovered by Murray Gell-Man

CHARM

c

~1.5 Gev

Variable*

+ 2

3

1

2

1974

Inferred from J/psi- 1974

& var. subseq. part/meth.

Uncommon matter,

Form Charmed Particles

ANTI-CHARM

_

c

~1.5 Gev

Variable*

_ 2

3

1

2

1974

Inferred from J/psi- 1974

& var. subseq. part/meth.

Uncommon antimatter,

Form Charmed Particles

Family 3

BOTTOM

(BEAUTY)

b

~4.7 Gev

Variable*

_ 1

3

1

2

1977

Inferred from upsilon -1977 & var. part/meth.

Rare Matter,

Form Bottom Particles

ANTI-BOTTOM

_

b

~4.7 Gev

Variable*

+ 1

3

1

2

1977

Inferred from upsilon - 1977 & bottomonium

Rare anti-matter,

Form Bottom Particles

TOP

(TRUTH)

t

>30 Gev

Variable*

+ 2

3

1

2

1984**

Inferred from decay of W into "Tom" & bottom

Rare matter- if existent,

Considered hypothetical by some

ANTI-TOP

_

t

>30 Gev

Variable*

_ 2

3

1

2

1984**

Inferred from decay of W into "Tom" & bottom

Rare anti-matter- if existent,

Considered hypothetical by some

* The lifetime is dependant on the Mesons or Baryons in which the Quarks participate

** Inferred indirectly, supposed direct inferral in 1994 is awaiting confirmation